Well Jesus said many things that were before unknown in Jewish manuscripts, and therefore thought, but were hundreds of years old outside Judaism. Many sayings that we attribute to him, he was quoting something already ancient from another culture. So plainly he studied somewhere outside of Judaism - in addition to being well-schooled in Judaism. It makes sense that he was raised Jewish, and studied there, then went somewhere else and learned thoughts from other parts of the world, and returned to enlighten his people.

However, he did not seem to know about what we refer to as "the gnostic herasy" - that only mental and spiritual are good, therefore anything physical is bad and should be discouraged/punished. He never preached that the body was bad, just that it would pass away. He spent a great deal of time feeding and healing people's bodies and didn't seem to know of the "divorce" of the siritual and physical. I personally believe Jesus was married, but those influenced by the gnostic herasy removed her from the texts as best they could.